Cureus. 2025 Nov 18;17(11):e97158. doi: 10.7759/cureus.97158. eCollection 2025 Nov.
ABSTRACT
Objective The objective of this study is to explore the feasibility of the Creyos Cognitive Assessment Tool (Creyos, Toronto, Canada) as a cognitive testing instrument for patients with heart failure (HF). Background Identifying appropriate methods for cognitive testing among patients with HF is important to enable further study of their high prevalence of cognitive decline. Methods A total of 40 participants, composed of 30 outpatients with HF (75%) and 10 patients without HF (25%), were asked to complete all 12 online Creyos tests, which collectively measure short-term memory (STM), reasoning, concentration, and verbal ability. The participants had the option to complete the study at home or in person at the hospital if they did not have computer/tablet access. We explored completion rate and completion time and evaluated how our participants compared to a sex/age-matched healthy population (obtained from Creyos). Results Among 45 patients who consented to participate, five withdrew, and 40 (89%; median age: 68 {interquartile range (IQR): 59-76} years; 78% men) completed all 12 tests of cognition. Overall, the participants had a positive experience with the tool, with a median time for completion of 25.9 minutes. When compared to age- and sex-matched norms, 73% of participants with HF showed marked impairment (>1.5 standard deviations {SDs}), and 93% showed mild impairment (>1 standard deviation) on at least one test. Individuals with HF performed worse on the reasoning and verbal ability domains but better on the STM domain when compared to the age/sex-matched healthy population data provided by Creyos. Conclusion It is feasible to use Creyos as a cognitive assessment tool in the population with HF, and it may enable further exploration of the connections between cognitive function and heart failure.
PMID:41426832 | PMC:PMC12713580 | DOI:10.7759/cureus.97158