Transl Stroke Res. 2026 May 20;17(3):57. doi: 10.1007/s12975-026-01447-4.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Although several studies have examined the associations between apoptosis-related factors or growth factors and cardiovascular diseases, evidence on their prospective association with hemorrhagic stroke remains limited.
METHODS: We conducted a nested case-control study within the large cohort of the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study in Japan. A total of 98 cases (60 intracerebral hemorrhage and 38 subarachnoid hemorrhage; 34 men and 64 women, aged 35 to 83 years at baseline) were included, along with 196 controls matched by age, sex, community, and year of sample collection. We measured serum levels of the soluble form of Fas and insulin-like growth factor-I among cases and controls. The odds ratios of total hemorrhagic stroke and its subtypes were calculated using conditional logistic regression analyses.
RESULTS: The median follow-up period from baseline to onset was 7.0 years. The multivariable odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of total hemorrhagic stroke associated with a 1-standard deviation increment of soluble Fas (2.3 ng/mL) and insulin-like growth factor-I (40.5 ng/mL) were 0.93 (0.66-1.32) and 0.61 (0.41-0.89), respectively. The inverse association with insulin-like growth factor-I levels was similar for subarachnoid hemorrhage and intracerebral hemorrhage: the respective multivariable odds ratios were 0.53 (0.28-0.98) and 0.62 (0.37-1.04).
CONCLUSIONS: The present study identified an inverse association between insulin-like growth factor-I levels and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke.
PMID:42156637 | DOI:10.1007/s12975-026-01447-4