Eur J Appl Physiol. 2026 Aug 3. doi: 10.1007/s00421-026-06262-1. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Oxygen uptake at anaerobic threshold (VOAT) is an important indicator for guiding cardiovascular disease (CVD) rehabilitation training and evaluating cardiac function, which varies according to race and specific disease conditions. However, there is no well-established nonexercise prediction equation for VOAT.
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to develop a nonexercise predictive equation for VOAT that is applicable to Chinese patients with CVD.
METHODS: A cohort was established with 22,336 cases of cardiopulmonary exercise testing data from CVD patients across 20 hospitals in China. Approximately 70% of the samples (n = 15,635) were used for development of prediction equation, and the remaining 30% (n = 6701) were selected for equation validation. The CVD equation for VOAT was developed using a multivariate forward stepwise regression analysis. In validation group, the stability and accuracy of VOAT equation were evaluated.
RESULTS: The prediction equation is as follows: VOAT (mL/min) = 314.748 - (3.887 × age [years]) + (85.933*sex [male = 1; female = 0]) + (1.085 × height [cm]) + (7.790 × weight [kg]) + (17.808 × stable angina [yes=1, no=0]) - (85.469 × percutaneous coronary intervention [yes=1, no=0]) - (112.64 × myocardial infarction [yes=1, no=0]) - (159.730 × heart failure [yes=1, no=0]). The standard error of the estimate = 264 mL/min; R = 0.71; and adjusted R2= 0.51. The VO2AT values predicted by the equation for subgroups were consistent with their corresponding measured values.
CONCLUSIONS: This study presents the first nonexercise VOAT prediction equation for Chinese CVD patients, offering a new tool for cardiac rehabilitation and potential risk stratification.
PMID:42545474 | DOI:10.1007/s00421-026-06262-1