Ter Arkh. 2026 Aug 18;98(8):472-477. doi: 10.26442/00403660.2026.08.203727.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The combination of arterial hypertension (AH) and bronchial asthma (BA) presents a complex clinical challenge that notably elevates cardiovascular risk. Real-world data are scarce regarding the phenotype and incidence of cardiovascular complications within this patient population.
AIM: To investigate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities in patients with AH, taking into account the presence of BA, as recorded in the national hypertension registry.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of a hypertension registry: 56,784 AH patients without BA and 612 with AH+BA. Demographic and anthropometric parameters and comorbidity prevalence were compared. Odds ratios (OR) were adjusted for sex and age.
RESULTS: BA prevalence was 1.1%. The AH+BA phenotype was characterized by female predominance (71.4% vs 59.4%; p<0.001), older age (65.0 years vs 62.7 years; p<0.001), higher BMI (29.4 kg/m2 vs 28.5 kg/m2; p=0.002), and abdominal obesity (53.7% vs 39.0%; p=0.003). BA was associated with higher rates of coronary artery disease - CAD (56.2% vs 41.2%), chronic heart failure - CHF (68.8% vs 48.6%), and atrial fibrillation - AF (10.1% vs 4.3%; all p<0.001). After adjustment, BA remained an independent predictor of CAD (OR 2.02, 95% confidence interval - CI 1.71-2.40), CHF (OR 2.47, 95% CI 2.07-2.96), and AF (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.88-3.23). No association with stroke was found.
CONCLUSION: The comorbidity of BA and AH is associated with a distinct phenotype (older woman with abdominal obesity). BA is an independent predictor of CAD, CHF, and AF, mandating active cardiovascular screening.
PMID:42625539 | DOI:10.26442/00403660.2026.08.203727