Nat Rev Neurol. 2025 Nov 26. doi: 10.1038/s41582-025-01161-z. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movements (PLMs) are increasingly recognized as risk factors for cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases, particularly stroke. Conversely, stroke can precipitate or exacerbate the symptoms of RLS and PLMs. This Review explores the shared pathophysiological mechanisms linking RLS and PLMs to cerebrovascular pathology, highlighting a bidirectional relationship. We discuss mechanisms including neurotransmitter dysregulation, autonomic dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, hypoxia and genomic and proteomic factors. Furthermore, we summarize emerging evidence and provide new insights on the potential clinical relevance of RLS in cerebrovascular risk assessment and management.
PMID:41298862 | DOI:10.1038/s41582-025-01161-z