Front Pharmacol. 2026 Jun 3;17:1755360. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2026.1755360. eCollection 2026.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Oxidative stress and blood stasis represent critical pathological drivers underlying the progression of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Total flavonoids derived from Allium polyrhizum Turcz. ex Regel (APTF) have been reported to possess potential antioxidant and blood-activating properties. However, the purification process and systematic pharmacological characteristics of APTF remain insufficiently elucidated, which substantially limits its further development and practical application.
METHODS: In this study, orthogonal experiments were performed to optimize the purification conditions of APTF using D101 macroporous resin. Chemic antioxidant activity of purified APTF was evaluated via multiple free radical scavenging assays. A rat model of blood stasis was established to verify the in vivo efficacy of APTF, with hemorheological, vascular endothelial, and blood coagulation indices determined for comprehensive assessment. Additionally, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was employed to systematically identify the metabolic components of APTF.
RESULTS: The optimized purification protocol yielded a high APTF recovery rate of 95.112±1.507%. Purified APTF exhibited potent free radical scavenging activity. In vivo experimental results demonstrated that APTF effectively ameliorated hemorheological abnormalities, restored vascular endothelial functional homeostasis, and exerted remarkable anticoagulant effects in blood stasis model rats. A total of 309 flavonoid metabolites were successfully identified, which constituted the potential material basis for the pharmacological activities of APTF.
DISCUSSION: This study established a stable and reliable purification protocol for APTF using D101 macroporous resin. The purified APTF displays prominent antioxidant and blood-activating bioactivities, conferring great application potential for the development of vascular protective functional products and therapeutic agents. Future investigations will focus on screening the active monomer components of APTF and clarifying its underlying molecular mechanisms of action.
PMID:42318337 | PMC:PMC13273041 | DOI:10.3389/fphar.2026.1755360