Ter Arkh. 2026 Aug 18;98(8):458-465. doi: 10.26442/00403660.2026.08.203725.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To evaluate the prevalence and identify risk factors for Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and stable coronary artery disease (CAD).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 110 patients were enrolled in a single-center study. The patients were divided into two groups according to the form of CAD. The first group (n=54) consisted of patients with AMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention, with a mean age of 62.00 years; 53 patients (94.64%) were on dual antiplatelet therapy. The second group (n=56) included patients with stable CAD who had undergone coronary artery stenting within the previous year, with a mean age of 67.5 years, of whom 42 patients (77.78%) were on dual antiplatelet therapy. The standard examination included analysis of complaints, laboratory tests (complete blood count, biochemical blood test, coagulogram), as well as testing for H. pylori. The 13C-urea breath test was used for patients with AMI, while for patients with stable CAD, testing was performed via biopsy during esophagogastroduodenoscopy.
RESULTS: The frequency of H. pylori infection differed between the patient groups. Among patients with stable CAD, a positive result was found in 17 (31.5%) individuals, while a negative result was found in 37 (68.5%). In the group of patients who had experienced AMI, the proportion of infected individuals was higher, at 26 (46.4%), whereas non-infected patients numbered 30 (53.6%). According to univariate analysis, H. pylori-positive status was statistically significantly associated with smoking and the presence of dyspeptic complaints. These results persisted after adjusting for sex and age. In patients with AMI, the infection was also associated with higher systolic blood pressure, a decrease in total protein level, and a prolonged prothrombin time. The comparison groups were comparable in terms of received drug therapy, except for the more frequent prescription of proton pump inhibitors to H. pylori-positive patients.
CONCLUSION: The findings demonstrate a widespread prevalence of active H. pylori infection among patients with acute AMI and stable CAD. The risk factors identified point to this infection as a potentially modifiable contributor to an elevated risk of gastroduodenal ulcers and hemorrhage in this patient population.
PMID:42625537 | DOI:10.26442/00403660.2026.08.203725