Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2026 Jun 10;17:1851662. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1851662. eCollection 2026.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of acute pancreatitis (AP) with different etiologies.
METHODS: A total of 242 patients with AP admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College from March 2025 to January 2026 were prospectively collected and divided into two groups according to the etiology: hypertriglyceridemia acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) group and non-hypertriglyceridemia acute pancreatitis (non-HTG-AP) group. The study compared the metabolic characteristics, inflammation level, short-term severe rate and long-term abnormal glucose metabolism between the two groups of AP patients.
RESULTS: This prospective single-center study enrolled 242 AP patients (80 HTG-AP and 162 non-HTG-AP). Compared with non-HTG-AP patients, HTG-AP patients were significantly younger (P < 0.001), had higher body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.001) and diabetes prevalence (P < 0.001), but lower cardiovascular disease rate (P < 0.01). Fasting blood glucose, serum calcium, albumin, uric acid, lipid profiles, white blood cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils, platelets and C-reactive protein (CRP) were all significantly higher in the HTG-AP group (all P < 0.05), accompanied by a higher proportion of moderately severe acute pancreatitis (MSAP) and severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) (P < 0.05). The rate of the intensive care unit (ICU) admission was significantly higher in the HTG-AP group than in the non-HTG-AP group (P < 0.05). Among 172 nondiabetic patients followed for 3 months, HTG-AP was associated with a markedly higher incidence of post-acute pancreatitis diabetes mellitus (PPDM-A) (P < 0.05), suggesting an increased long-term risk of islet dysfunction.
CONCLUSIONS: Compared with other etiologies of acute pancreatitis, HTG-AP patients present younger onset, more severe glucose, lipid, calcium and uric acid metabolic disorders, and stronger systemic inflammatory response, with higher rates of severe pancreatitis and significantly elevated long-term risk of new-onset diabetes.
PMID:42358681 | PMC:PMC13290542 | DOI:10.3389/fendo.2026.1851662