Cien Saude Colet. 2026 Aug 3;31(7):e13502024. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232026317.13502024. eCollection 2026.
ABSTRACT
The objective of the study was to estimate the magnitude, associated factors, and risk-factor population attributable fractions (PAFs) for Diabetes Mellitus (DM) among adults living in Brazilian state capitals, according to sex. This was a cross-sectional study using data from a sample of 32,111 adults aged 18 years or older who participated in the 2019 National Health Survey. Poisson regression and PAFs estimation were used to assess the associated factors and their contributions to prevalent cases of DM, respectively. The prevalence of DM was 7.7% (7.2% in men and 8.0% in women). In the total sample, the Poisson model showed a direct association between DM and female sex, age >60 years, no formal education, physical inactivity during leisure time, self-reported hypercholesterolemia and hypertension, overweight, and obesity. An inverse association was observed for binge drinking. Mixed-race and black race/skin color, as well as leisure-time physical inactivity, were factors associated with DM among women. The PAFs of risk factors that contributed most to prevalent cases of DM, in both sexes, were age >60 years, self-reported hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, and obesity. In conclusion, clinical factors had the highest PAFs for DM and should be the focus of prevention and control policies.
PMID:42561228 | DOI:10.1590/1413-81232026317.13502024