Sci Rep. 2026 Jul 15. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-61149-7. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to investigate the associations between dietary fat quantity and quality and the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) over a 2-year follow-up period. Additionally, we explored the cross-sectional association between dietary fat characteristics and MetS prevalence at baseline. This prospective cohort study followed 1,090 adults aged 18-65 years for 2 years. Dietary fat intake (quantity and quality) was assessed at baseline using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric, blood pressure, and biochemical measurements were collected annually. Associations with incident and prevalent of MetS were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression and prospective cox-regression adjusted for major confounders. Among adults (mean age 39.6 ± 10.2 years; 45% men), higher intake of vegetable oils at baseline was associated with greater MetS prevalence (highest vs. lowest tertile: OR = 1.46; 95% CI 1-2.15; P-trend = 0.04). However, no significant associations were observed between overall dietary fat quantity and quality indices and the incidence of MetS during the 2 year follow-up. we found that while specific dietary fat sources like vegetable oils may relate to the current metabolic status (prevalence), their role in the development (incidence) of MetS requires further investigation with potentially different methodologies or longer follow-up periods.Please check and confirm the edit made in article title.
PMID:42457782 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-026-61149-7