J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2026 Jul 14. doi: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000001359. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Sex- and gender-based differences significantly influence cardiovascular disease presentation, diagnosis, treatment response, and outcomes, contributing to persistent health disparities. Despite this, gender-focused education remains inconsistently integrated into cardiovascular nursing curricula.
PURPOSE: Our aim, in this discussion paper was to examine the benefits and challenges of incorporating sex- and gender-focused care into cardiovascular nursing education and to highlight its role in improving clinical practice and promoting health equity.
CONCLUSIONS: Integrating gender-focused education enhances nurses' ability to recognize both sex- and gender-specific differences, improves clinical decision-making, and supports more equitable care delivery. However, implementation is limited by curriculum constraints, lack of faculty expertise, and the risk of reinforcing stereotypes. Structured, evidence-based approaches are needed to ensure effective integration.
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Embedding sex- and gender-focused care into nursing education can improve diagnostic accuracy, optimize treatment strategies, and foster patient-centered and culturally responsive care. This approach is essential to reduce disparities and enhance outcomes in cardiovascular health.
PMID:42447404 | DOI:10.1097/JCN.0000000000001359