J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2026 Apr;28(4):e70203. doi: 10.1111/jch.70203.
ABSTRACT
India is witnessing a growing burden of early-onset hypertension and cardiovascular disease, particularly among adults under the age of 40. Despite this trend, current national screening programs predominantly target individuals over 40, resulting in a significant gap in early detection and prevention efforts. This white paper addresses this gap by drawing on a mixed-methods approach that combines an extensive review of national and international literature, health surveys, and hypertension guidelines with qualitative insights from 25 expert consultations. These consultations included cardiologists, endocrinologists, and public health specialists, and were conducted through structured one-on-one interviews and focused group discussions. The findings revealed that nearly 25% of Indian adults aged 30-39 are already hypertensive or pre-hypertensive, with lifestyle-related risk factors such as chronic stress, unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, and obesity contributing to early cardiovascular risk. Experts unanimously emphasized the widespread underdiagnosis and lack of awareness in this age group, highlighting missed opportunities for early intervention. A strong consensus emerged around the urgent need to lower the current screening threshold to age 30 and introduce first-time cardiovascular assessments, including blood pressure, glucose, lipid profiles, and obesity metrics at this stage. The paper argues that implementing early screening through existing health infrastructure, workplace wellness initiatives, and digital health platforms is both epidemiologically sound and economically viable. A national policy shift in this direction could significantly improve early detection, reduce disease burden, and enhance long-term health outcomes for the Indian population.
PMID:42033036 | DOI:10.1111/jch.70203