Eur J Clin Nutr. 2026 Jul 25. doi: 10.1038/s41430-026-01793-4. Online ahead of print.
ABSTRACT
The prognostic value of body composition phenotypes in coronary artery disease (CAD) remains underexplored. We retrospectively analyzed 178 CAD inpatients who underwent bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody 770). K-means clustering using skeletal muscle index (SMI) and body fat percentage (PBF) as primary discriminators identified three phenotypes: Sarcopenic (lowest SMI, ~5.3 kg/m²), Robust (highest SMI, ~7.6 kg/m²), and Sarcopenic-Obesity (low SMI ~ 5.8 kg/m² and high PBF ~ 36.9%). Multivariate logistic regression assessed their associations with cardiovascular outcomes. The Sarcopenic-Obesity phenotype showed the highest prevalence of arrhythmias (39.6%) and heart failure (62.5%) and was independently associated with arrhythmias (OR 2.58, 95% CI 1.17-5.87) and heart failure (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.18-5.21). Phase angle inversely correlated with ECW/TBW (r = -0.83, p < 0.001) and discriminated heart failure (AUC = 0.72). Body composition phenotyping, especially sarcopenic obesity, identifies high-risk CAD inpatients beyond traditional factors.
PMID:42502122 | DOI:10.1038/s41430-026-01793-4